How do you extract route params, query params, and request body in a NestJS controller?

Use @Param('id') for route parameters, @Query('page') for query strings, @Body() for the request body, and @Headers('authorization') for headers. @Req() and @Res() give access to the raw Express/Fastify objects but should be avoided when possible as they couple code to the underlying platform.

Extracting request data

Available parameter decorators:

1
@Param('key') — extracts a named route parameter.
2
@Query('key') — extracts a named query string parameter.
3
@Body() — extracts the full request body (or @Body('key') for a specific field).
4
@Headers('key') — extracts a specific request header.
5
@Req() — raw request object (Express/Fastify); avoid when possible.
6
@Res() — raw response object; switches to library-specific mode (use passthrough: true to avoid side effects).