How do you handle and report errors in a production GraphQL API?

Errors in a production GraphQL API are handled by sending user-friendly error messages to the client and logging them to a monitoring system for analysis and alerting. Sensitive data is omitted for security reasons, but critical details about the error context—such as the query, variables, and user information—are recorded for debugging purposes. Additionally, operational errors are differentiated from developer errors in order to help with response and mitigation strategies.