The Module pattern encapsulates private variables and methods, exposing only a public API, enabling information hiding and reducing global namespace pollution.
The Module pattern is a structural design pattern that uses closures to create private and public scopes. It's a cornerstone of JavaScript code organization that predates ES6 modules. By wrapping code in an Immediately Invoked Function Expression (IIFE) or using ES6 modules, you can create encapsulated units of functionality with private state and expose only what's necessary, preventing variable collisions and improving maintainability.