2th of 6 Questions.
Factory Method Pattern
The Factory Method pattern defines an interface for creating objects but lets subclasses decide which class to instantiate, centralizing object creation logic and enhancing code flexibility and maintainability.
The Factory Method pattern addresses the problem of creating objects without specifying the exact class of object that will be created. It defines an interface for object creation, but allows subclasses to alter the type of objects that will be created. This promotes loose coupling and adheres to the Open/Closed Principle, as new types can be added without modifying existing code[citation:6][citation:7].
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