The Route Guard pattern controls navigation access based on conditions, intercepting route activation to check authentication, authorization, or data loading before allowing navigation.
The Route Guard pattern is a behavioral pattern that protects routes from unauthorized access by checking conditions before navigation completes. This pattern is essential for implementing authentication flows, permission-based routing, and preventing navigation until required data is loaded. While most prominent in Angular (CanActivate, CanLoad, CanDeactivate), similar patterns exist in React with custom route components and React Router's loader/action functions.